Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP
发布日期：
2024-02-06
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Rheumatoid arthritis – early detection and early treatment

Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with erosive arthritis as the main clinical manifestation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with erosive arthritis as its main clinical manifestation. In addition to involvement of joints and surrounding tissues, extra-articular manifestations such as subcutaneous nodules, anemia, interstitial pulmonary lesions, and vasculitis may also occur [1]. 
The cause of RA is unknown and cannot be cured, but professional treatment can slow the progression of the disease. However, because the symptoms of RA vary among different patients, it is difficult to diagnose the disease through symptoms, and patients may not be able to receive professional treatment at the first time. The disability rates of RA patients in China were 18.6%, 43.5%, 48.1%, and 61.3% in the disease course of 1 to 5 years, 5 to 10 years, 10 to 15 years, and ≥15 years, respectively. As the course of the disease prolongs, the incidence of disability and functional limitation increases [3].
If RA is not controlled early, it will bring a heavy burden to patients and families. Early diagnosis and standardized treatment will significantly improve patient prognosis.


Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP





Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody


Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP/ACPA) is an autoantibody that appears in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It can be produced before RA patients show typical clinical symptoms. According to the characteristics of the antigen, traditional RA-related autoantibodies are mainly divided into: autoantibodies RF, which uses the Fc segment of denatured IgG as the target antigen, autoantibodies anti-CCP and RA33 antibodies, which use citrullinated proteins as the target antigen.

The 2021 "Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Autoantibody Detection" pointed out that Anti-CCP antibody detection can be used as one of the criteria for diagnosing RA[4].

Some studies have pointed out that Anti-CCP antibodies can be detected in the serum of patients 14 years before they first develop symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis[5]. The probability of patients with undifferentiated arthritis who are positive for Anti-CCP antibodies to progress to RA within 3 years is approximately 90%[6]. The positive rate of Anti-CCP antibodies in early RA patients exceeds 80%, and its specificity in diagnosing RA can reach 96%[7].

 

Figure 1 Biochemical test results before the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis

Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP


Anti-CCP antibody detection is also of great value in determining the severity of the disease and assessing prognosis of RA. The "2018 Chinese Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines" recommends that the selection of RA treatment options should comprehensively consider laboratory indicators such as the amount of joint pain and swelling, ESR, CRP, RF, and anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) values[8]. Positive Anti-CCP antibodies are closely related to the progression of joint destruction. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) both recommend that RA patients should regularly detect Anti-CCP antibodies to judge disease progression and treatment effects[9- 10].

Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP


Diagreat Biotech Anti-cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Determination Kit



Diagreat Biotech Anti-cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Determination Kit (Latex Immunoturbidimetric Assay) can quickly and accurately detect human Anti-CCP antibody content with only a small amount of samples. The product has excellent performance, the large packaging is more cost-effective, and OEM services can be provided!
In addition to Anti-CCP antibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF) autoantibodies have been included in the RA classification standards due to their good diagnostic performance. They are currently widely used in clinical practice and have become one of the most common autoantibody detection items in clinical laboratories. Anti-CCP combined with RF detection can improve the detection rate and specificity of RA.
Diagreat Biotech has four solutions for rheumatoid arthritis: Anti-CCP, RF, antistreptolysin O (ASO), and C-reactive protein (CRP), which can assist doctors and laboratory personnel in early diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment plan formulation for rheumatoid arthritis.

Ordering information



Early detection of rheumatoid arthritis – AntiCCP


References:

[1] Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis [J]. Lancet, 2016, 388(10055): 2023 2038.

[2] Zeng Xiaofeng, Zhu Songlin, Tan Aichun, et al. Systematic review of research on disease burden and quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis in my country [J]. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2013, 13(3): 300-307.

[3] Zhou Yunshan, Wang Xiuru, Anyuan, et al. A nationwide multi-center survey on disability and functional limitation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rheumatology, 2013, 17(8): 526-532.

[4] Autoantibody Detection Professional Committee of the Rheumatology and Immunology Physicians Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, National Rheumatology Data Center, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, etc. Expert consensus on the clinical application of rheumatoid arthritis-related autoantibody detection [J]. Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine, 2021, 60(6): 516-521.

[5] Nielen MM, van Schaardenburg D, Reesink HW, et al. Specific autoantibodies precede the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis: a study of serial measurements in blood donors [J]. Arthritis Rheum, 2004, 50(2): 380-386.

[6] Schwenzer A, Quirke AM, Montgomery AB, et al. Time to include fine specificity anti citrullinated protein antibodies in the routine diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis? [J]. Arthritis Rheumatol, 2019, 71(3): 476 478.

[7] Zhu Yuqing, Zhang Liping. The significance of the expression of rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and tumor necrosis factor-α in the diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis [J]. Chinese Medical Frontiers (Electronic Edition), 2018, 10(5): 124-127.

[8] Rheumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. 2018 Chinese Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines [J]. Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine, 2018, 57(4): 242-251.

[9] SinghJA, SaagKG, BridgesSL, et al. 2015 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [J]. Arthritis Care Res, 2016, 68(1): 1-25.

[10] SmolenJS, LandewéR, BijlsmaJ, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update[J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2017, 76(6): 960-977.




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